X-rays are an integral part of diagnosis and treatment planning in dentistry. However, patients sometimes ask, “Are these rays harmful?” This question is not unfounded, as it touches on the sensitive issue of radiation. However, based on scientific data, we can confidently answer this question: Yes, dental X-rays are quite safe with today’s technology.
The amount of radiation emitted by a dental X-ray is well below the daily background radiation we are exposed to in nature. For example, a bitewing X-ray contains 5-8 microsieverts (µSv) of radiation. This is nearly the same as the natural radiation we receive in a day spent in the sun. In fact, the radiation absorbed by the body during an Istanbul-New York flight is approximately 30-40 µSv. This means that flying on an airplane exposes you to more radiation than a few dental X-rays.
Dentists and technicians are exposed to X-rays much more frequently than their patients. This is why lead aprons and lead-lined protective areas are used. However, this should not create the perception among patients that X-rays are dangerous. Doctors must protect themselves from repeated exposure, while patients are exposed only a few times a year, for short periods and at low doses.
Today, most clinics use digital X-ray machines. These machines produce up to 70% less radiation than older analog systems. In addition, modern radiology protocols are based on the “ALARA” principle: “As Low As Reasonably Achievable.” If your dentist requests an X-ray, it is only because they deem it necessary.
Without an X-ray, cavities, bone loss, abscesses, or cysts that cannot be detected by the naked eye may go unnoticed. This can lead to more extensive treatment needs in the future. In short, it is not the risk of dental X-rays that is noteworthy, but rather the consequences of not using them.
